chessgames.com
Members · Prefs · Laboratory · Collections · Openings · Endgames · Sacrifices · History · Search Kibitzing · Kibitzer's Café · Chessforums · Tournament Index · Players · Kibitzing
Center Game (C21)
1 e4 e5 2 d4 exd4

Number of games in database: 877
Years covered: 1834 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 48.3%
   Black wins 32.3%
   Draws 19.3%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Joseph Blackburne  52 games
Jacques Mieses  36 games
Frank Marshall  32 games
NN  13 games
Mikhail Chigorin  6 games
Emanuel Lasker  6 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Charousek vs J Wollner, 1893
Bird vs Lasker, 1892
Blackburne vs NN, 1863
Stevenson vs A Marriott, 1868
J Mieses vs Maroczy, 1903
J Schwarz vs Tarrasch, 1883
<< previous chapter next chapter >>

 page 1 of 36; games 1-25 of 877  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell ½-½511834La Bourdonnais - McDonnell 1st Casual MatchC21 Center Game
2. J Robertson vs E Williams 0-1251841corr Portsmouth-BristolC21 Center Game
3. F Discart vs C Bonetti 1-0171847Casual gameC21 Center Game
4. K Kindblad vs A Svanberg 0-1191848SWE corrC21 Center Game
5. Guibert vs Sasias  ½-½311849Casual gameC21 Center Game
6. Guibert vs Sasias  ½-½391849Casual gameC21 Center Game
7. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0311850Casual gameC21 Center Game
8. Cochrane vs Moheschunder  1-0441850Casual gameC21 Center Game
9. Cochrane vs Moheschunder  0-1491850Casual gameC21 Center Game
10. Cochrane vs Moheschunder  1-0301850Casual gameC21 Center Game
11. von der Lasa vs W Henderson  1-0211850Casual gameC21 Center Game
12. Lowenthal vs E Williams  0-1321851Lowenthal - WilliamsC21 Center Game
13. Kieseritzky vs H Witcomb  1-0151851Kieseritzky Blindfold Simul 4b, ParisC21 Center Game
14. S Boden vs R Brien 1-0471851Provincial Tournament, LondonC21 Center Game
15. P Journoud vs Kieseritzky 0-1421852Casual gameC21 Center Game
16. Saint-Amant vs C Stanley 1-0361852Stanley - Saint-Amant Casual SeriesC21 Center Game
17. von der Lasa vs Staunton 0-1391853Staunton - von der Lasa Casual SeriesC21 Center Game
18. Millard vs de Rives  1-0191853Casual gameC21 Center Game
19. S Urusov vs A Petrov  ½-½501853MatchC21 Center Game
20. Cochrane vs Moheschunder  0-1461854Casual gameC21 Center Game
21. Anderssen vs H Pollmaecher 1-0181855Casual gameC21 Center Game
22. Falkbeer vs Zytogorski  1-0141855Brien - Falkbeer - Zytogorski PoolC21 Center Game
23. Schoenhals vs Paulsen 0-1251856Blindfold simul, 2bC21 Center Game
24. R Franz vs C Eliason  1-0601856Berlin Chess Society TournamentC21 Center Game
25. R Franz vs S Leow  0-1541856Berlin Chess Society TournamentC21 Center Game
 page 1 of 36; games 1-25 of 877  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2)  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 1 OF 3 ·  Later Kibitzing>
Jan-05-03  Chesspupil101KSA: What should white do next? i see that white wins more than black wins in this opening why is that? is this opening that good?
Jan-05-03  PVS: <What should white do next?>

I would check to see what Alekhine did in the twenty games in this database for starters.

Jan-05-03
Premium Chessgames Member
  Sneaky: The game often goes: 1 e4 e5 2 d4 exd4 3 Qxd4 Nc6 4 Qe3

Theory frowns upon this opening but I think there's something to it. Check out Blackburne, he really scored with it. But then again that was 2 centuries ago...

Apr-03-03  refutor: i played a C21 today v. GM Boris Alterman on ICC and got soundly thumped ;) the opening moves were 1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3 d3 4. Bxd3 Bc5 5. Bc4 d6 i played 3. ...d3 because i had looked at J Whitehead vs Biyiasas, 1977 and thought that it was worth a try in the center game as well...any thoughts on the validity (if any) of 3. ...d3?
Apr-04-03
Premium Chessgames Member
  lostemperor: Refutor, <3...d3> is playable but not best. <to refute is too take the pawns>! There are some games not in the database. In the game you linked the "mainline" is: <5...d6 6.h3(!) Nf6 7.0-0 <Bf4! here or next move> Be7 8.Nd4 0-0 9.Nd2 Rfe8 <..Nxd4!?> 10.f4 Bf8 11.Qc2 g6 12 Ndf3 Bd7 13.Bd2 Bg7 14.Rae1 Qe7(!) 15.a3 a6 16.b4 <c4!?> Nxd4 17.cxd4 Bb5!> almost equal position.
Sep-09-03  uponthehill: c3 (northern or danish gambit) can be effective in blitz games against players below 2000.
Dec-21-03  CapablancaRules: The correct way to answer the Danish Gambit (and any other gambit) is forget the extra material and concentrate on the development. With 3..Nf6 4.e5 Ne4 5.Bd3 d5! 6.cxd4 Nc6 or 3..Nc6 4.cxd4 d5 and even 3..c6 and 4..d5 Black have fine games
Dec-21-03  Resignation Trap: Jacques Mieses played the Center Game quite a bit, and it was played quite a bit from the 1880's until about the time that World War I started. Mieses tried it against Capablanca in an exhibition game, and lost with it as White, but....
Capablanca lost his way in complications and had only one pawn for the exchange. Capa won this game anyway, and even wrote some analysis on how Black could have improved.

That game appears here:

J Mieses vs Capablanca, 1913

Mar-28-04  ruylopez900: I can't believe White has more then a 50% winning percentage with this! I though Black had rather easy equality with devloping Knights castling and such.
Mar-28-04  Benjamin Lau: Look only at modern results when analyzing the strength of an opening. Look at the last 200-300 games in our time. They usually contain more update theory and correct refutations of suspect openings.
Mar-28-04  ruylopez900: <BL> good point. almost half of the games are played before or during 1915 so theres bound to be some skewed results and stats,
May-26-04  drukenknight: Here is an amusing one from the center counter that happened a few minutes ago:

1 e4 d5 2 Nc3 dxe4 3 Nxe4 Bf5 4 Bd3 Qd5 5 Qe2 g6 6 Nc3 Qxg2 7 Qf3 Bh3 8 Qxh3 Qxh1?? 9 Qc8 1-0...

Jun-10-04  drukenknight: A new move in the Danish gambit (or Goering gambit, I get confused).

1. e4 e5
2. d4 exd4
3. c3 c5!? (no games appear in the database)
4. cxd4 cxd4
5. Bc4 Bb4+
6. Bd2 Qb6
7. Nf3 Nc6
8. O-O Nge7
9. Ng5 Ne5
10. Bb3 f6
11. Nf3 a5
12. Bf4 Nxf3+
13. Qxf3 Ng6
14. Bg3

We got about this far at blitz, and still rated as even by the chesslab computer.

same line above w/ 10...00
10...O-O
11. Nxh7 Kxh7
12. Qh5+ Kg8
13. Qxe5 Bd6
14. Qh5 a5

still seems okay.

Oct-03-04  Orbitkind: From memory, the main line is: e4, e5, d4, exd4, Qxd4, Nc6, Qe3, Nf6, Nc3, Bb4, Bd2, o-o, o-o-o, Re8, Qg3. I think the loss in time at the start due to the double queen move is negligible at anything less than master level, and I almost always have a great game with centre game; that is why I almost always play it instead of e4, e5, nf3, which bored me to tears in the past.
Oct-03-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: Why doesn't White try 4.Qd4-a4 with a reversed Scandinavian with a move in hand?
Oct-03-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  Eggman: <<I think the loss in time at the start due to the double queen move is negligible at anything less than master level>>

This "loss in time" is actually a misconception because Black on his second move makes a non-developing capture (2...exd4) and so White by simultaneously capturing AND developing (3.Qxd4) gets a lead in development. This gain of a tempo cancels out the tempo that White loses by the move 4.Qe3. Perhaps the real akwardness for White is simply the early Queen deployment and the delay in developing the Knights.

Oct-03-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  Eggman: <<Good Evening: Why doesn't White try 4.Qd4-a4 with a reversed Scandinavian with a move in hand?>>

I can't say that 4.Qa4 is a bad move but it wouldn't really produce a reverse Scandinavian because in the Scandinavian Black normally plays ...e6 and not ...e5, and certainly it would be unusual for Black to play ...e5 before White has played d4.

Dec-02-04  EnglishOpeningc4: <Ruy>
one of the reasons this opening has a high win % for white is that C21 is usually a danish gambit and C22 is the main line. Before logic entered chess the danish was unbeatable and now it is just a novelty.
Dec-15-04  Backward Development: Ah, the good old danish. My favorite blitz opening. gets black out of book by move three (usually) and builds a very violent attack. thus, a blitz favorite. heres a 2 minuter i played today

1. e4 e5
2. d4 exd4
3. c3 dxc3
4. Bc4 Bb4?!this is development with a threat, but not much of one. the main line is ...cb Bxb2 d5! Bxd5 Nf6 Bxf7+ Kxf7 Qxd8 Bb4+ Qd2 Bxd2 Nxd2 with the infamous endgame. 5. Nxc3 Nf6? now black is clearly worse. better was ...Nc6 6. e5 Nh5?? even playing instantly is no excuse
7. Qxh5 g6
8. e6! not the strongest move i've ever played but considering the circumstances and psychological effect, certainly one of the most disconcerting. gxh5? the only way to persist was capturing the pawn, but there wasn't much to play on for anyway. it was more sporting of him to see why i had my queen en prise anyway! 9. exf7+ Ke7
10. Bg5+ Kd6
11. O-O-O+ Kc6 12.Bxd8 Rxd8
13. Re1 an endgame in which my passed pawn on the seventh is the center of attention has occured. the rest of these moves i can't be sure of the order, but the maneuvers i remember. my opponent really made me earn the point, here are the moves if any one is interested Rf8 14. Re8 d5
15. Bxd5+ Kb6
16. a3 Bd6
17. Ne4 Bf4+
18. Kc2 Bh6
19. Nf6 c6
20. Rxf8 Bxf8
21. Be4 Be6
22. Nxh7 Nd7
23. Ng5 Nc5
24. Nxe6 Nxe6
25. Nf3 Bd6
26. Bf5 Nf8
27. Re1 Rd8
28. Re8 Bc7
29. Ne5 Bxe5
30. Rxd8 Bg7
1-0 on time.

Aug-17-05  Doktorn: :) Yesterday it were the Danish gambit (1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3), and today it is center game (1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4).
Jan-06-06  Kriegspiel: <Orbitkind> The main line is actually 8.Bc4 preventing ...d5. 8.Qg3 loses a pawn to 8...Rxe4. If 9.Nxe4 Nxe4 Black's knight threatens both the White Queen and a rook fork via Nxf2; after exchanges on d2 (starting with 10...Nxd2) each side has lost a rook, bishop and knight, but Black retains his pawn lead.

<An Englishman> "On 4.Qa4 Black develops easily via 4...Nf6 5.Bg5 Be7 6.Nc3 o-o 7.Nf3 d6 8.o-o-o Bd7!" (Kallai).

Kriegspiel

:p

Jan-06-06  DeepBlade: 1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. c3 dxc3 5. Nxc3

This is my favorite Center Game variation, its like a reversed Blackmar-Diemer gambit, with your e4 pawn alive!

Jan-07-06  Kriegspiel: <DeepBlade> I believe you have reached the Scotch Gambit.

Kriegspiel

p:

Jan-07-06  Kriegspiel: <Eggman> I would argue that the loss of time is *not* a misconception. You imply that 2...exd4 loses a tempo because it is a "non-developing capture". But a non-developing pawn move that helps control the center (in this case by denying White what would otherwise be a full pawn-center) cannot be regarded as losing a tempo. However, 4.Qe3 qualifies as a tempo-losing move, because it is merely a retreat.

Kriegspiel

:p

Jan-07-06  Swapmeet: <Kriegspiel> I'm not sure I agree with your reasoning that 2...exd4 does not lose a tempo. Yes, it lessens white's control of the center, but black is also completely giving up the center by trading the e5 pawn. 2.d4 gains tempo for white not just because it controls the center but also because it frees white's position. 2...exd4 does neither of these things.

And thats the Goring Gambit.

Jump to page #    (enter # from 1 to 3)
search thread:   
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 1 OF 3 ·  Later Kibitzing>

NOTE: Create an account today to post replies and access other powerful features which are available only to registered users. Becoming a member is free, anonymous, and takes less than 1 minute! If you already have a username, then simply login login under your username now to join the discussion.

Please observe our posting guidelines:

  1. No obscene, racist, sexist, or profane language.
  2. No spamming, advertising, duplicate, or gibberish posts.
  3. No vitriolic or systematic personal attacks against other members.
  4. Nothing in violation of United States law.
  5. No cyberstalking or malicious posting of negative or private information (doxing/doxxing) of members.
  6. No trolling.
  7. The use of "sock puppet" accounts to circumvent disciplinary action taken by moderators, create a false impression of consensus or support, or stage conversations, is prohibited.
  8. Do not degrade Chessgames or any of it's staff/volunteers.

Please try to maintain a semblance of civility at all times.

Blow the Whistle

See something that violates our rules? Blow the whistle and inform a moderator.


NOTE: Please keep all discussion on-topic. This forum is for this specific opening only. To discuss chess or this site in general, visit the Kibitzer's Café.

Messages posted by Chessgames members do not necessarily represent the views of Chessgames.com, its employees, or sponsors.
All moderator actions taken are ultimately at the sole discretion of the administration.

Home | About | Login | Logout | F.A.Q. | Profile | Preferences | Premium Membership | Kibitzer's Café | Biographer's Bistro | New Kibitzing | Chessforums | Tournament Index | Player Directory | Notable Games | World Chess Championships | Opening Explorer | Guess the Move | Game Collections | ChessBookie Game | Chessgames Challenge | Store | Privacy Notice | Contact Us

Copyright 2001-2025, Chessgames Services LLC