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Caro-Kann Defense (B12)
1 e4 c6 2 d4

Number of games in database: 17103
Years covered: 1858 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 41.1%
   Black wins 28.8%
   Draws 30.1%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Alexey Shirov  105 games
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave  80 games
Andrei Volokitin  69 games
Aleksey Dreev  133 games
Valentina Gunina  82 games
Anatoly Karpov  80 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Kramnik vs Leko, 2004
Morozevich vs Bologan, 2004
Kasparov vs Karpov, 2001
A Nimzowitsch vs Capablanca, 1927
H Atkins vs Capablanca, 1922
Topalov vs Anand, 1999
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Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 5 OF 7 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-28-05  ongyj: <azaris> Thanks for the response. Short and Sweet, as most of your posts have been:)
May-28-05  aw1988: And I will soon finish him off in the correspondance game short and sweet. :)
May-28-05  azaris: <aw1988> Oh really? It's your move.
Jun-23-05  aw1988: Well, that was a miserable failure.
Jul-20-05  ongyj: Ok, so I've became a new practicioner of Caro-Kann. With so many ideas to learn, I hope to receive some helpful guides through the forum here. In the advance variation that goes 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5 4.Nc3 e6 5.g4 Bg6 6.h4 what's the characteristical difference between 6...h5 and/or 6...h6 ? Also why is it that in quiet a few of the games that I saw White is often eager to play Bd3 offering an exchange in early stages of the game. Is there a known logical idea/theme for this? Thanks.
Jul-20-05  FinKing: I am not a caro-kann expert and I know nothing about advance variation, but I can try: if white can play h5 bishop have to go to e4 and after Nxe4 black have to take with d-pawn and it WILL fall. So, black makes way for bishop whit moves 6...h5 and/or 6...h6. I think you knew this already. The main differences between ...h6 and ...h5 is that after 6...h6 white can continue with 7.h5 Bh7 g4 and now white have large space advantage.

I don´t know for sure, but I think that this is the main idea of advance variation is to close the center and pawnstorm on kingside. As we know pawnstorm on wing can be done only when we got a firm center.

So, lets look at the move 6...h5. Now if 7.gxh5 Bxh5 and whites plan based on space advantage seem´s lost. So, what about 7.g5. Look what a huge hole there is in white´s position (f5). Black could continue whit ...Bf5, ...g6, ...Ne7, ...0-0 and I think black is better here, but I am not caro-kann expert.

Jul-20-05  FinKing: <ongyj>
Jul-20-05  refutor: the idea is to play 6.NGe2 before h4 that wasy after 7.h4 h5 White can play Nf4 and kick the bishop back that way
Jul-23-05  ongyj: <FinKing, refutor> Thanks:)
Sep-01-05  Gazman5: Another advantage of playing 3...c5!? in blitz or even longer games is that it often throws an opponent completely off guard. I would say that 70% of the time i play it in blitz, i see 4.c3, as the player of the white pieces seems to become suddenly suspicious of the consequences of capturing the c5 pawn. following this, I play 4...Nc6, since after the seemingly routine 5.Bb5 Bd7, which occurs frequently in blitz, i have seen played 6.Nf3? on many many occasions, after which 6...Nxe5! simply leaves white a pawn down, whether he plays 7.dxe5 Bxb5, 7.Nxe5 Bxb5, or, most regularly, 7.Bxd7 Nxd7. Its a very basic, yet highly effectice trap. I've won many more games using 3...c5 than 3...Bf5, and most importantly, it prevents white from making a tempo gaining kingside pawnstorm against the f5 bishop, so if you prefer activity and counterplay against a more passive style of defense, 3...c5 seems to be the way to play.
Sep-20-05  Achilles: I want to share this simplipied position for black which a good compensation against the CK advance variation better to try this!!! I get the white bishop out fast, of course, push e3, get the Kt to d7, eventually pushing c4, and good stuff then seems inevitable;

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5

Bishop is needed to prevent Bd3 (which would be very dangerous for black) - or to exchange Bd3.

It's crucial to block e5.

Now black chances are mainly at queenside and using Knights and pawn advance to c5 black will pressurize whiteϵ center. The pawn in d4 is relatively weak and one possible plan is Ne7-Nd7-c5 and Nc6.

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5

a lot when playing on the ICC.

is then usually met by

This can lead to some cramped and unpleasant positions for black, if you aren't careful - for instance, white may play e6 at some point and really ruin black's kingside pawn structure. Since I haven't got much time to study openings, I haven't really figured out the best way to counter this plan, but usually make something up as I go. Any suggestions for a counterplan?

A little help here: 4....Be4! 5.f3 (now xg3 is weakened) Bg6 6.h4 h5 7.e6?! Qd6! 7.Bd3 Bxd3 8.Qxd3 e6 9.g5 =

This is Alekhine's idea.

1 e4 c6, 2 d4 d5, 3 e5 Bf5, 4 g4 Bd7!? ..

Now if 5 b4 a5, 6 c3 axb4, 7 cxb4 e6, 8 Bd2 Qb6

and if 5 c4 e6, 6 Nc3 Ne7, 7 c5 b6 8 b4 a5, 9 Na4 Nc8 Bronstein-Petrosian USSR 1959

Alexander Ivanov vs Gengengin Altanoch
HB Global Chess Challenge 2005 ?/B> Caro-Kann Defense (B12) ?/B> 1/2-1/2

Edward Mackenzie Jackson vs Anthony Santasiere
Ventnor City 1945 ?/B> Caro-Kann Defense (B12) ?/B> 0-1

Or you may play as Alekhine:

after 4 g4 Be4, 5 f3 Bg6, 6 h4 h5, 7 Bd3 Bxd3, 8 Qxd3 e6, 9 g5 Ne7 and you will have counterplay over his overextended pawns chain.

already pointed out the general strategy. (c5,Nd7,Ne7,Nc6).

White can drift by 'just developing'.

Sep-21-05  azaris: <Achilles> I think it's been established on one of CK pages that 4. Nc3 e6 5. g4 is better than the immediate push. Of course, Black can delay and play the strong 4...Qb6. Then 5. Nf3 Nbd7 hasn't been tried, perhaps due to 6. Nh4 Bg6 7. Nxg6 hxg6 8. e6 fxe6 9. Bd3 O-O-O 10. Bxg6 and Black's position is a bit awkward. To counter White's kingside pawn rush he must arrange his own queenside pawn rush.
Oct-13-05  Averageguy: Is 3.f3, the fantasy variation any good? I've had good results with it in friendlies, but 3...e6 seems to give me more problems than the other moves.
Nov-03-05  KingG: <Averageguy> I play the fantasy variation as i like the positions where Black exchanges on e4, giving similar play to a king's gambit or a Blackmar-Diemer gambit without necessarely sacrificing a pawn. If Black doesn't exchange then it's slighly less enjoyable, but still a position i'm happy with.

A few month ago i switched to the Panov-Botvinnik but didn't enjoy it as much, so i dropped it. Besides, a Caro-Kann player will be well prepared for the P-B so why not suprise him with something he is probably not familiar with.

Nov-18-05  Kriegspiel: Wow, getting the basic history of the Caro-Kann was tougher than I thought it would be. Here it is, from a chess-live.com newsletter:

"As you can see, famous names and winning play often determine the names which openings and various systems find their identities. In rare cases it results from hard work and study toward a written article for a book or magazine and sometimes just from mention in a tournament book or bulletin. This occurred in the opening—1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 introduced in master play around 1883 and was simply termed “Irregular Opening.” Two years later, an amateur named Marcus Kann played 1…c6 and the Austrian press called it the “Kann Defense.” The same year another amateur, Horatio Caro, played it and a German publication called it the “Caro Defense.” A year later the two met and together published a theoretical opening article on it and they agreed to call it the Caro-Kann Defense."

Kriegspiel

Nov-18-05
Premium Chessgames Member
  Benzol: I don't think Marcus Kann has any games in the database but click on Horatio Caro for a little more about the other half of the defence's name.
Nov-24-05  cracky90: I have a quick question: does the Advance Variation of the Caro Kann 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 is passive for white, or very agressive? It seems that some two grandmasters can't agree on this (apparently) simple fact.
Nov-24-05  refutor: depends on what white plays on the fourth move. if he plays something like 4.Nc3, 5.g4 etc. it is aggressive. if he plays 4.Bd3 Bxd3 5.Qxd3 e6 6.c3 it's going to be passive
Jan-06-06  refutor: <A year later the two met and together published a theoretical opening article on it and they agreed to call it the Caro-Kann Defense."> it would be interesting to see that...i wonder where one would go about finding a copy of that...any idea where the article was published?
Jan-10-06  Achilles: Can you recommend me a game's with a line 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5 4.g4 Be4 5. f3 Bg6 6.e6? Qd6 7.exf7 Bxf7 8.g5.... what is the best line for Black in the book at six(6)move's white play e6??? rate as positive for Black negative for white BUT HOW IT CAN WIN??? according to the theory!!! I'll wait your comment about this line!!!
Jan-11-06  schnarre: <refutor> Good question! <Kriegspiel> Any ideas as to where one could check for this article?
May-06-06  refutor: any ideas about how to face 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5 4.Nc3 the mainlines with 4. ..e6 5.g4 are much too sharp for the likes of me. i've been trying 4. ...Qb6


click for larger view

so if 5.g4 i can go back to d7 and his position looks kinda funny. what's stronger than 5.g4 in this line and any ideas about what i should look out for? <achilles> 8. ...e5 looks strong in your line

the only gae i can find after 6.e6 was

De Agustin,M - Navarro,M [B12]
Madrid Madrid (4), 1943

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5 4.g4 Be4 5.f3 Bg6 6.e6 fxe6 7.Bf4 Nd7 8.Nc3 Qb6 9.Na4 Qa5+ 10.c3 b5 11.Nc5 Nxc5 12.dxc5 Nf6 13.Ne2 e5 14.Bxe5 Nd7 15.Bg3 b4 16.Bg2 bxc3 17.bxc3 Qxc5 18.Bf2 Qa5 19.0-0 h5 20.Nd4 Rc8 21.Qd2 e5 22.Qg5 Kf7 23.Nf5 Bc5 24.Nh4 Bd3 25.Nf5 g6 26.Nh6+ Kg7 27.Nf5+ Kf7 28.Nh6+ Kg7 29.Nf5+ Kf7 30.Rfd1 Bxf5 31.gxf5 Rcg8 32.Rab1 Bxf2+ 33.Kxf2 Qxa2+ 34.Kg1 Qxg2+ 35.Qxg2 gxf5 36.Rb7 Rxg2+ 37.Kxg2 Ke6 38.Rxa7 Rg8+ 39.Kf2 h4 40.Rg1 Rxg1 41.Kxg1 c5 42.Ra6+ Kf7 43.Kf2 d4 44.Ke2 e4 45.cxd4 cxd4 46.Rh6 Nf6 47.Rxh4 Ke6 48.Rh6 Kf7 49.Rh8 Kg6 50.h4 Nh5 51.fxe4 fxe4 52.Rg8+ Kh6 53.Rg4 Nf6 54.Rg5 Nh5 55.Rd5 Nf4+ 0-1

May-06-06  Karpova: 4...Qb6 is weaker than 4...e6 according to Karpov. He calls 4...e6 the safest option. 4...Qb6 5.g4 Bd7 6.Bg2 e6 7.Nge2 c5 8.0-0 and Karpov prefers white. Beliavsky likes 4...Qb6 much more than Karpov does but doesn't mention 6.Bg2 and talks about 6.Na4 instead. Another option is 4...h5 which was played in Short-Seirawan Rotterdam 1989 (not included in the database).
Jul-18-06  dakgootje: just a little question about the classic pawnstructure which looks like:


click for larger view

In this structure it is noted that whites h5-pawn is weak. I dont get entirely why it is a weak pawn. Because of that pawn black can only develop the g-pawn to 1. ...g6 or 1. ...g5 after which in both cases 2. hxg6 follows, followed by 2. ...fxg6. after this white has 2 pawn islands, black 3, but white has a lone pawn (the e-pawn), which is i think a weakness. So i would personnely prefer it as white.

Why exactly is the h5-pawn weak?

Oct-02-06  refutor: in the caro-kann advanced, what is wrong with the line 4.Nf3 and 5.c4? i had it played against me on the weekend, and i'm not that strong, but it seemed like a playable option. In the c4 lines i've seen White normally plays Nge2, i guess once Black plays Nc3, i should play Bb4 right away? please advise
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