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TRAPPED PIECES: LACK OF MOBILITY, NO RETREAT
Compiled by notyetagm
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If a piece has NO RETREAT, then it cannot move back to the safety of its own side of the board. If it also cannot move forward safely towards the enemy's side of the board, because the enemy's pieces and pawns more easily control these squares, then that piece is trapped and lost.

Hence the importance of being able to retreat.

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<CHESS TEMPO: Problem # 44215
http://chesstempo.com/chess-problem...

Event "?"
Site "?"
Date "????.??.??"
Round "?"
White "?"
Black "?"
Result "*"
SetUp "1"
FEN "


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"

41...Kg8

41 ... ♔h8-g8? <SELF-BLOCKS> the g8-square leaving the Black f7-queen <TRAPPED> with <NO RETREAT(!)> after the simple 42 ♖e5-f5!.

41 ... ♔h8-g8 42 ♖e5-f5! <trapped queen>


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38 ... ♖c8-c6! cuts off the <LINE OF RETREAT> of the White b7-queen


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Event "?"
Site "?"
Date "2008.01.07"
Round "?"
White "GM_Jakovenko"
Black "GM_Radjabov"
Result "0-1"
WhiteElo "2720"
BlackElo "2735"
Opening "Sicilian: Nimzovich-Rossolimo attack (without ...d6)" ECO "B30"
NIC "SI.31"
Time "04:53:37"
TimeControl "1200+5"

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 e6 4. Bxc6 bxc6 5. d3 Ne7 6. Qe2 d5 7. e5 Ng6 8. O-O Be7 9. b3 O-O 10. Bb2 f6 11. Nbd2 a5 12. a4 Rb8 13. Rae1 Rb4 14. g3 f5 15. Bc3 Rb8 16. Kg2 Bd7 17. h4 Nh8 18. h5 Nf7 19. Rh1 Be8 20. Nf1 d4 21. Bd2 c4 22. dxc4 c5 23. Qd3 Bc6 24. Bf4 Ng5 25. Bxg5 Bxg5 26. Kg1 Be4 27. Rxe4 fxe4 28. Qxe4 Bh6 29. Ne1 Qg5 30. Nd3 Rbc8 31. Kg2 Qf5 32. Qe2 Bg5 33. f4 Be7 34. g4 Qf7 35. Ng3 Qe8 36. Qe4 Qd7 37. Kh3 Qe8 38. Qb7 Rc6 39. Ne4 Rf7 40. Qb5 Qa8 41. Re1 Rf8 42. b4 Rb8 43. Qxa5 Ra6 0-1

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Pelletier vs Mamedyarov, 2007

Position after 15 ♕f3-e4?! ♘c6xe5:


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This position is a -tremendous- example of the danger involved in having <NO RETREAT(!)> or <LIMITED/RESTRICTED MOBILITY> for your pieces.

<<<Look at the White e4-queen in the above diagram. Where can she retreat?>>> That is, where could she move to on the White side of the board (or move laterally along the rank) if Her Majesty was attacked?

<<<The answer is: only(!) one(!) square(!), the f4-square.>>> Let's see: d3 is defended (Black c4-pawn), c2 is self-blocked (White c2-bishop), d4 is defended by discovery (Black g7-bishop), c4 is defended (Black b6-knight), e3 is self-blocked (White e3-pawn), f3 is defended (Black e5-knight), g2 is self-blocked (White g2-pawn), g4 is defended (Black e5-knight), and finally h4 is defended (Black e7-queen). Every square that the White e4-queen would like to escape to is either <DEFENDED> by a Black piece or <SELF-BLOCKED> by a White piece.

So if the White e4-queen were to be attacked and needed to run away, there would be only -one(!)- square to go to, the f4-square. This means that White must tread -very- carefully in this position or his queen will be <TRAPPED (NO RETREAT(!))>.

Note in particular how this <LACK OF MOBILITY> for the White e4-queen means that 16 f2-f4??, intending to trade queens as I wrote above, loses to 16 ... f7-f5!, <TRAPPING> the White e4-queen after the blunder 16 f2-f4?? <SELF-BLOCKED> the White e4-queen's only flight square, The f4-square.

(VAR) Position after 16 f2-f4?? f7-f5! <trapping White e4-queen>:


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13 .. c6-c5?? cuts off the Black a3-queen's retreat along a3-f8
B Finegold vs D Kuljasevic, 2009 
(D15) Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, 15 moves, 1-0

28 Nf3-g5?? commit White e5-rook to square with little mobility
B Jacobsen vs Chernin, 2009 
(A07) King's Indian Attack, 29 moves, 0-1

22 Bd3-f1?? Black f5-bishop controls the d3-,c2-flight squares
I Krush vs A Zatonskih, 2009 
(D56) Queen's Gambit Declined, 28 moves, 0-1

White a7-queen is trapped after the quiet move 27 ... Rc6!
Pelletier vs Carlsen, 2006 
(E15) Queen's Indian, 35 moves, 0-1

16 Nd4?? b4! traps the White c3-knight which has NO RETREAT
C Richter vs Aronian, 2004 
(D44) Queen's Gambit Declined Semi-Slav, 16 moves, 0-1

15 QxRa8? just begs Kasparov to trap the White queen; he does
Vladimirov vs Kasparov, 2001 
(E53) Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, 23 moves, 0-1

18 ... Nh5?? 19 Ne4! traps Black d6-queen which has NO RETREAT!
J Snowden vs S Chevannes, 2006 
(B10) Caro-Kann, 19 moves, 1-0

After 9 ... N8d7?, the Black b6-knight has NO RETREAT(!)
Botvinnik vs M Yudovich Sr, 1933 
(D96) Grunfeld, Russian Variation, 23 moves, 1-0

17 Qxh7? f5! blocks only line of retreat b1-h7 of White queen
Sveshnikov vs T Batchuluun, 2006 
(C02) French, Advance, 36 moves, 0-1

29 Nc6! blocks only line of retreat of Black a4-queen a tempo
Capablanca vs Golombek, 1939 
(E34) Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa Variation, 29 moves, 1-0

39 ... Nf4! covers g2-flight square of White h4-knight, trapped
Tomashevsky vs S Novikov, 2007
(B06) Robatsch, 39 moves, 0-1

20 Bxg5?? Black g5-pawn taboo since 20 - f6, 21 - g5 traps B
Carlsen vs Anand, 2007 
(D47) Queen's Gambit Declined Semi-Slav, 40 moves, 0-1

36 ... a5?? leaves Black b4-queen with NO RETREAT
Korchnoi vs E Secchi, 1960 
(B45) Sicilian, Taimanov, 38 moves, 1-0

20 Qf4?? Be5! takes away queen's retreat along b8-h2 diagonal
T Shaked vs Kasparov, 1997 
(D85) Grunfeld, 20 moves, 0-1

27 Ne3xg4?? h7-h5! traps White g4-knight which has NO RETREAT
Bondarevsky vs Smyslov, 1946 
(C85) Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation Doubly Deferred (DERLD), 42 moves, 0-1

51 - Nc4-d2?? 52 Ra1-d1! traps Black knight, it has NO RETREAT
Grischuk vs Svidler, 2006 
(B43) Sicilian, Kan, 5.Nc3, 63 moves, 1-0

14 a3! traps Black b4-knight since b4-square is not an outpost
Karjakin vs F Bindrich, 2007 
(E17) Queen's Indian, 14 moves, 1-0

39 f3! traps Black g4-knight since g4-square is not an outpost
Morozevich vs Lputian, 2007 
(C18) French, Winawer, 40 moves, 1-0

Yet another queen trapped on edge of board, allows repetition
Rublevsky vs Ponomariov, 2007 
(B16) Caro-Kann, Bronstein-Larsen Variation, 18 moves, 1/2-1/2

22 ... Ne5-f7 Tal almost traps the White h6-queen on the h-file
A Parnas vs Tal, 1949 
(C91) Ruy Lopez, Closed, 33 moves, 0-1

White a5-queen gets into trouble on edge of board, perishes
Kramnik vs E Ubilava, 1992 
(D37) Queen's Gambit Declined, 21 moves, 0-1

38 ... f7-f6?? leaves Black d5-knight with no flight square
S Savchenko vs A Kogan, 2000 
(D12) Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, 44 moves, 1-0

20 ... Be7-g5! and yet another White queen is trapped on h-file
E Paoli vs Andersson, 1973 
(B49) Sicilian, Taimanov Variation, 40 moves, 0-1

56 Qd4-h4? Re7-e4! White fatally weakens position to save queen
Korchnoi vs Karpov, 1978 
(D37) Queen's Gambit Declined, 61 moves, 0-1

19 Rc1? restricts White b1-queen to b1-h7 diagonal, 19 ... Bf5!
Smyslov vs Gligoric, 1959 
(E61) King's Indian, 18 moves, 0-1

39 Ng5-f7+!, 40 Ne6-f4 trap Black h5-rook on the edge of board
Kasparov vs Shirov, 2004 
(C80) Ruy Lopez, Open, 40 moves, 1-0

31 e6-e7 cuts off retreat of Black h4-queen, 32 Rf1-h1 harvests
La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834 
(C51) Evans Gambit, 32 moves, 1-0

16 f2-f4?? f7-f5! traps White e4-queen which has NO RETREAT(!)
Pelletier vs Mamedyarov, 2007 
(D94) Grunfeld, 26 moves, 0-1

28 Qd3xa6!! tactic based on limited mobility of Black b7-queen
Petrosian vs Psakhis, 1982 
(A34) English, Symmetrical, 34 moves, 1-0

14 Qb7xc6?? Rb8-b6! traps White Lady which has NO RETREAT(!)
Harikrishna vs X Bu, 2007 
(D17) Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, 42 moves, 0-1

54 Nc4-b6! Black d7-bishop has no flight square and is lost
Ivanchuk vs Leko, 2007 
(B31) Sicilian, Rossolimo Variation, 55 moves, 1-0

17 d4-d5!! followed by Nb6-a4, Rc1-a1 would trap Black a2-queen
Rublevsky vs I Hera, 2007 
(B12) Caro-Kann Defense, 24 moves, 1-0

59 Bg6-h7?? Ke6-f6! traps the White h7-bishop on edge of board
Anand vs Kamsky, 2007 
(B42) Sicilian, Kan, 59 moves, 0-1

37 ... Be4-d5! traps offside White a5-knight on edge of board
Shirov vs Anand, 2007
(C92) Ruy Lopez, Closed, 41 moves, 0-1

22 .. Ba6-c4! White b3-queen forced onto c-file, into discovery
Ivanchuk vs Nisipeanu, 2007 
(E11) Bogo-Indian Defense, 22 moves, 0-1

27 ... f6! 28 Ne5-d3 blocks retreat of White a6-bishop on a6-f1
Z Kozul vs Topalov, 2007 
(D02) Queen's Pawn Game, 41 moves, 0-1

22 Qf3-f6! threatens to trap Black h6-bishop with 23 g4-g5
Petrosian vs Portisch, 1974 
(A15) English, 27 moves, 1-0

18 - Qd8-f8 leaves Black f7-rook without retreat for 19 Bd1-h5
J Piket vs Fedorov, 2001 
(E77) King's Indian, 38 moves, 1-0

31 Qb5-d4 Bg5-f6! White d4-queen cannot retreat to c3, d3, d2
Kramnik vs Carlsen, 2008 
(A30) English, Symmetrical, 57 moves, 0-1

56 Nb6xNa8 Bb4-a5! traps the White knight in the a8-corner
Carlsen vs Anand, 2007 
(D45) Queen's Gambit Declined Semi-Slav, 57 moves, 0-1

20 ... e5-e4! White c2-pawn,e2-queen self-block White d3-bishop
B Abrosimovs vs Tal, 1959 
(B43) Sicilian, Kan, 5.Nc3, 22 moves, 0-1

15 - Qc7xBc4 16 Nc3-b1 White c1-rook takes away queen's retreat
Kasparov vs F Vallejo Pons, 2002 
(B41) Sicilian, Kan, 50 moves, 1-0

26 Ba6-b5! traps offside Black b4-knight by covering c6-square
Anand vs Morozevich, 2008 
(C14) French, Classical, 35 moves, 1-0

13 - Qa5xNc3 Black queen is almost trapped after 14 Bc1-d2
Aronian vs Ivanchuk, 2008 
(D12) Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, 44 moves, 0-1

26 ... Ne7-d5? leaves Black e4-queen almost trapped in midboard
Anand vs P Nikolic, 1997 
(C18) French, Winawer, 35 moves, 1-0

49 ... f7-f6 White can now trade-offthe trapped Black f5-rook
Kamsky vs Tkachiev, 2008 
(B08) Pirc, Classical, 50 moves, 1-0

14 ... Ne5-g6?? 15 Nd4-c6 Black d8-queen has no where to run to
Grischuk vs Rublevsky, 2005 
(D27) Queen's Gambit Accepted, Classical, 39 moves, 1-0

20 ... Rc2xb2?? leaves Black b2-rook without retreat, 21 Ne5-d3
Lasker vs Duras, 1909  
(D26) Queen's Gambit Accepted, 54 moves, 1-0

31 Re1-a1 traps offside Black a4-knight which cannot retreat
Kramnik vs Anand, 2008 
(E20) Nimzo-Indian, 29 moves, 1-0

10 ... Nd7-f8 11 Rg7-g2 avoids being trapped by 11 ... Nf8-g6
Morozevich vs Kramnik, 2008 
(D45) Queen's Gambit Declined Semi-Slav, 31 moves, 1-0

23 Qa5xa7?? Rb8-a8 a7-queen cannot retreat along a-file, a7-g1
J Gustafsson vs Aronian, 2004 
(D39) Queen's Gambit Declined, Ragozin, Vienna Variation, 23 moves, 0-1

40 e5-e6 Black f7-rook simply has no safe square to retreat to
Topalov vs S Zhigalko, 2008 
(E15) Queen's Indian, 40 moves, 1-0

18 .. Nf6-d7?! leaves c6-bishop without retreat for 19 Nb6-d5!!
Fischer vs H Rossetto, 1959 
(B41) Sicilian, Kan, 37 moves, 1-0

15 Bc1-g5! traps f6-queen; 12 ... Bf8-e7?! took away retreat
Fischer vs V Ciocaltea, 1962 
(C75) Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defense, 26 moves, 1-0

30 Nf4-d3! forces Black e5-queen to g3 and there is no escape
V Gashimov vs Mamedyarov, 2008 
(B66) Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer Attack, 7...a6, 32 moves, 1-0

28 ... Re8-e2! White d2-bishop has no good flight squares
A Gudmundsson vs Fischer, 1960 
(D95) Grunfeld, 27 moves, 0-1

Radjabov vs Carlsen, 2009 
(C53) Giuoco Piano, 54 moves, 1-0

22 Ba3-c1! traps the Black f4-queen which has limited mobility
Nakamura vs J Friedel, 2009 
(C58) Two Knights, 22 moves, 1-0

35 ... Qd6xe5?? 36 Be3-f4 leaves Black e5-queen without retreat
M Blau vs J H Donner, 1958 
(B51) Sicilian, Canal-Sokolsky (Rossolimo) Attack, 36 moves, 1-0

21 Qd3-a3+!, 22 Re1-e5! traps the Black d5-queen in mid-board!
Sutovsky vs E Inarkiev, 2009 
(C42) Petrov Defense, 22 moves, 1-0

60 ... Ka5-b6?? a4-knight has no where to go after 61 Bh3-d7!
Carlsen vs Ivanchuk, 2009 
(A70) Benoni, Classical with 7.Nf3, 61 moves, 1-0

14 ... Na5! traps the White c4-queen on an open board
E Magerramov vs Kasparov, 1979 
(E10) Queen's Pawn Game, 14 moves, 0-1

16 Nh4! traps Black g6-queen, which has NO RETREAT
Movsesian vs S Gramlich, 2005 
(A07) King's Indian Attack, 16 moves, 1-0

32 Bh3! and 33 Bf5 traps Black g6-queen which has NO RETREAT
Ivanchuk vs E Alekseev, 2006 
(E15) Queen's Indian, 31 moves, 1-0

J Werle vs Naiditsch, 2009 
(E10) Queen's Pawn Game, 37 moves, 1-0

25 Rd1-d2?? d6-queen now has no flight square, 25 ... Re8-e6!
Shulman vs B Savchenko, 2009 
(E15) Queen's Indian, 25 moves, 0-1

34 - d6-d5?? leaves Black c5-rook with nowhere to go, 35 Nf4-e6
Kamsky vs Jobava, 2010 
(A10) English, 40 moves, 1-0

36 Rb1-b7?? Bc7-b6! and suddenly White b7-rook is stalemated!
M Richter vs S Ionov, 2010 
(D27) Queen's Gambit Accepted, Classical, 43 moves, 0-1

29 ... Bf5-d7! traps the White c7-rook deep in Black position
Rubinstein vs Spielmann, 1919 
(A44) Old Benoni Defense, 29 moves, 0-1

G Gislason vs I Nyzhnyk, 2010 
(D27) Queen's Gambit Accepted, Classical, 23 moves, 0-1

Anand vs J L Hammer, 2010 
(C53) Giuoco Piano, 56 moves, 1-0

15 ... Qd8xRd1+! based on 16 ... Bc4-d3 trapping White b1-queen
R Leitao vs Caruana, 2010 
(D76) Neo-Grunfeld, 6.cd Nxd5, 7.O-O Nb6, 24 moves, 0-1

Kamsky vs I Cheparinov, 2010 
(B90) Sicilian, Najdorf, 63 moves, 1-0

47 ... Nc6-b8! possible as 48 Na6xNb8 Bd5xb7 traps offside b8-N
Carlsen vs Anand, 2010 
(C65) Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense, 45 moves, 0-1

"I had to make sure my bishop would not be trapped." -- A. Giri
Giri vs J L Hammer, 2010 
(E06) Catalan, Closed, 5.Nf3, 60 moves, 1-0

Jobava vs Grischuk, 2009 
(C43) Petrov, Modern Attack, 16 moves, 0-1

21 - Nf7xNg5?? 22 Rd1-d6! traps the Black b6-queen, no retreat!
McShane vs Wojtaszek, 2011 
(B23) Sicilian, Closed, 38 moves, 1-0

Ponomariov vs Anand, 2011 
(B92) Sicilian, Najdorf, Opocensky Variation, 52 moves, 0-1

Ivanchuk vs Nakamura, 2011 
(C65) Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense, 27 moves, 0-1

A Ivanov vs Naroditsky, 2011 
(B90) Sicilian, Najdorf, 34 moves, 1-0

16 a2-a3?? self-blocks White b3-queen, 16 ... c5-c4! then wins
Gelfand vs Kamsky, 2011 
(A15) English, 34 moves, 0-1

Radjabov vs Kamsky, 2011 
(C45) Scotch Game, 39 moves, 0-1

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