Sergash: Martin Vaculik became a FIDE master in 2009. Born in Czechoslovakia in 1983, he was 17 or 18 years old when he played this game, and rated 2192 (Carlsen was rated 2072 at that time). In 2016, his FIDE rating is 2293, while his peak rating was 2307 in July 2009 (hence his master title!).I reviewed the game with the program Komodo 10 - 64 bits.
<2...g6?!> Personnally, I dislike this setup, which apparently originated from the game Adolf Andersen vs. Howard Staunton, London (England) 1851 "Knock out", 1-0. Black had played 1...d5 here Carlsen vs G Fant, 2001 and here Carlsen vs H Lahlum, 2001
<5...b6N> Apparently this was a novelty at the time, though transpositions into known games were possible later.
<6...h6?!N> The real novelty was this one though. Black could have transposed with 6...Bb7 7.Bh6 (Ana Gavrilescu vs. Denisa Kovacs, Romania Women Championship 2000, SF1, 1-0) Bxh6! 8.Qxh6 Ng8 9.Qf4 (9.Qg7 would force Qf6) d6 
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Also 6...0-0 7.Bh6 (Denis Ochmann (1634) vs. Astrid Froelich Dill (1997), 11th Rhein-Main Open (Germany) 2008, round 4, 0-1) d5
<7.0-0-0> Carlsen could have gone for 7.d5! exd5 8.exd5 d6 9.0-0-0 
<7...Bb7?!> Not a good timing. 7...d5 8.exd5 exd5 (or 8...Nxd5 9.Kb2 ) 9.h3 /
<8.h4?!> Again 8.d5! was very strong.
<8...d6?!> Both players had a blind spot for the move 8...d5! 9.Bb5+! c6 10.Bd3
<9.Bd3?!> For the third time, 9.d5!
Kibitzing
> This is THE blunder that loses the game! 20...0-0 